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NEARLY ZERO ENERGY CONSUMPTION (nZEB) TOURIST ACCOMMODATIONS – The case of Chania.

Stefanoudaki Konstantina

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Summary

Nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB) are a subject of intense interest due to concerns about energy supply constraints, diminishing energy resources, rising energy costs and the impact on the global climate. The European Union has set a target to reduce energy consumption in buildings by 2020 and 2030, encouraging Member States to promote energy savings and the development of nZEB buildings adapted to local conditions. However, the ambiguity in the definition of nZEB and the lack of policy coherence create challenges in the implementation of the relevant directives, while increased expenditure and lack of funding are further obstacles. Furthermore, the design and construction of nZEB buildings require a consistent and targeted approach, as well as the use of advanced technologies that take into account local conditions and the need for economic sustainability. The questions that arise relate to the definition of nZEB, the optimal use of renewable energy sources, the need for policies that promote energy waste reduction and the elimination of economic difficulties. These difficulties require flexibility, adaptation and continuous revision of standards for the effective implementation of nZEB and the realisation of energy targets at European level.Energy consumption per dwelling in Belgium has fallen significantly between 2005 and 2019, showing impressive progress in energy efficiency. In Brussels, several initiatives such as the Building Exemplar Programme (BATEX) and the Passive House standard have been established as standards for low-energy buildings. The Brussels Region has set ambitious energy standards for new construction, adapting it towards near-zero or very low energy consumption.Spain is tackling the challenge of energy efficiency in its buildings, notably through pioneering practices in Barcelona that promote the use of solar energy and apply tax incentives to promote sustainable energy. Through international commitments and participation in agreements such as the Covenant of Mayors, Barcelona is reaffirming its commitment to reducing carbon emissions and pursuing energy efficiency and renewable energy sources.Greece has harmonised its national legislation with European standards. In particular, the city of Chania, with its high tourist traffic and the development of a variety of accommodation options, from luxury hotels to traditional apartments, deserves to aim for near-zero energy consumption. Given the very high energy consumption in tourist accommodation in the Chania region, there is an urgent need to shift towards 'soft' energy sources and energy efficient technologies and practices. This paper proposes that the city of Chania adopts, in an innovative way for Greek standards, a specific institutional framework for nZEB buildings, adapted to the needs of the tourism sector, contributing to carbon emission reduction and sustainability.

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