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Statistical investigation of safety and hygiene in industrial areas

Kyriazopoulou Faidra

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Summary

This diploma thesis addresses the highly important issue of Major Industrial Accidents (Seveso accidents) as well as the legislation concerning their prevention and the management of their consequences. It begins with an overview of the evolution of European legislation on major accidents, providing the definition, the main causes, and the fundamental characteristics of such events. Historical examples of severe industrial accidents worldwide are presented, highlighting their devastating impact on human life, the environment, and the economy, and emphasizing the need for preventive measures and stricter legislative frameworks. Furthermore, the study examines in detail the development of the European institutional framework on the prevention and control of major technological accidents, along with the corresponding Greek adaptation. Special reference is made to the Joint Ministerial Decisions through which Greece aligned with the European Directives, as well as to the issues expected to be resolved by the implementation of the updated JMD 12044/613/2007 (amending the Seveso II Directive). The ambiguities and gaps of the existing legislation are outlined, while the causes behind major industrial accidents are analyzed, leading to proposals for improved prevention and response. These proposals emphasize both the combined application of legislation on major accidents and occupational health and safety (Presidential Decree 17/96) and the active involvement of stakeholders managing high-risk industrial facilities. In order to capture the current situation in Greek industries, a statistical investigation was conducted through a questionnaire survey. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software, providing quantitative findings and correlations that reveal the real conditions, needs, and weaknesses regarding health and safety in the workplace. The thesis concludes with substantial findings, confirming the insufficient application of existing regulations and the limited safety culture, as well as the need for more systematic education and training of employees. Finally, it puts forward concrete proposals and ideas for strengthening prevention and improving risk management, aiming at the creation of a safer and more sustainable working environment that protects both human health and the environment.

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