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Σεισμική ανάκλαση για την αναζήτηση ανθρωπογενών δομών σε αβαθές θαλάσσιο περιβάλλον

Tsoumpou-Andriopoulou Foteini-Ioanna

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Summary

The present thesis examines the application of the seismic reflection method for detecting human-made structures in shallow marine environments. In particular, it introduces the principle of operation of the method, emphasizing the use of high-frequency seismic source type Chirp Sub-Bottom Profiler. The thesis refers to case studies where the technique has been applied in various geographical areas, such as Denmark, Greece, Israel, Egypt, and Norway, to locate man-made structures in coastal environments.To evaluate the effectiveness of the method, simulations were performed using ReflexW software, by simulating the propagation of seismic waves. The results demonstrated the method's ability to record reflections, both from geological formation and the human-made targets under study. From the set of synthetic data, a representative set of complex nature was selected for a detailed study of the reflectors and geometrical characteristics of the targets.Finally, the selected data set was further processed within the ReflexW software environment, using the AGC gain (Automatic Gain Control) feature. The application of this enhancement resulted in improved imaging of seismic waves, significantly enhancing the reflected signals. Through this process, it became possible not only to identify targets at slightly greater depths, but also the detection of targets located in more complex geological environments, where their reflections may be overlapped or confused with stronger reflections from overlying or neighboring structures. Typically, the method allowed the detection of weaker reflections from small and deep targets in shallow marine environments, even when they are surrounded by larger and shallower ones, which produce stronger reflected signals.

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