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Leaching capacity and recovery of metals and valuable materials from waste LCDs

Savvilotidou Vasiliki

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Summary

Due to rapid technological development, moving to the Media and price drop, the total amount of electronic waste keeps rising at a high rate world widely.At the same time the “planned devaluation” causing decrease of the lifetime of electronic devices, makes of course huge profit for the industries of Electric and Electronic Devices but at the same time, demands cumulatively viable solutions as far as their post-use management is concerned. A difficult task that becomes even more difficult mostly due to lack of total and updated information, complexity of legislation in force and the big number of the people in charge.The procedures of disassembly and disposal of electronic waste have imposed a huge environmental impact at a worldwide level.In the EU the collection, recycling and recovery of all the types of Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), consists high priority for all Member States. Having consequently the importance of use of natural resources, the reduction of pollution and the health risks relating to landfill as a starting point, this study focuses at the retrieval of useful material from Liquid Crystal Displays, LCDs, whose toxic metals were quantitatively and qualitatively estimated at a previous study. Specifically, there were tests on the recovery of indium, arsenic and antimony, elements that were considered for various reasons of high importance for the study of their recoverability. At the same time the polarizer, the glass and the ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) that are included in a typical LCD unit, were recovered.The method used, includes disassembly, removal of polarizer via thermal shock, cutting and material extraction using various acids. Tests were made under various temperatures having a different liquid-solid ratio and different acids. The oncoming results were not rather encouraging, as far as the recovery of indium is concerned. The recovery procedure though is useful even in cases of low concentration, especially when the metals recovered are important and tend to eliminate as raw material.

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