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Historical, architectural documentation and Finite Element analysis of 'Cyclic (Genoese) Tower' in Old Town, Chania, need of interdisciplinary approach

Tsitonaki Anna

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Summary

Restoration of historical buildings has been studied and discussed thoroughly, from a vary of involved expertise, like archeologists, architects, civil engineers, chemical engineers, geologists etc. In practice, the collaboration between the different specialists is essential, as long as the elaboration of their different and various scientific conclusions in every level of the analysis. But it is not obvious in Greek practice, yet.The main goal in this survey, is to underline the aforementioned need of collaboration, through the historical analysis, the architectural surveying and documentation and the static analysis of the medieval circular tower in north west venetian fortification in Canea, Crete, Greece. The presentation of these three stages of analysis aims to make clear that the absence of one of the above or the omission of extra analysis by other expertise, could lead to many and serious methodology mistakes or arbitrary methods of restoration.The first step in order to achieve this main goal, is to present the historical frame of the broader area of its interest, and in particular the historical frame of monument protection at the city of Canea. Also, it seems important the investigation of the legal frame of historical heritage protection in Greece, since the foundation of the country, and the current legal frame of the analysis and drawing up of the projects concerning restoration of cultural heritage in Greece. This case study aims to make clear the present image of the city and the deepest problems that are aroused by these facts.In response to the Greek reality, it is presented in brief, the work of the International Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage, written at the ICOMOS documentation center, which refers to the contemporary principles and recommendations for the analysis, conservation and structural restoration of architectural heritage, in the context of a multidisciplinary approach.The second step is the analysis of the remained part of the circular tower. From the historical point of view, its historical frame is examined and the name with which is well known today, is questioned. Its construction phases are analyzed through the centuries, till the present day. Its importance as a monument is depicted.From the architectural point of view, the analytical survey designs are presented, as long as the construction, form, and material decay of the monument are analyzed. A brief reference is available here concerning the documentation of the recent formal decisions of the Archeological Council, related to the same project. Finally, from the civil engineers' point of view, using the application of the finite element method, the static and eigenmode analysis is presented. In this particular state, the monument is examined in all its historical phases, as they have been formed by the previous historical and architectural analysis.Conclusions then are documented by the comparison of the three stages analysis, which lead to the solution of the problems that restoration requires to be answered. Are they valid though? Is there obvious that the need of the collaboration and the knowledge of other scientific expertise is required?

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