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A method for the calculation of the tip clearance flow effects in axialflow compressors. Part I: Description of basic models

Nikolos Ioannis, D. I. Douvikas, K. D. Papailiou

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Περίληψη

Theoretical models for the investigation of the phenomena connected with the tip clearance are presented. The mass flow rate through the gap, the formation and evolution of the leakage vortex and the losses occurring inside and downstream of the gap are considered.Firstly, a model was developed for the description of the flow through the gap, which uses different simple velocity profiles at the gap exit. The model recognizes the basic flow characteristics inside the gap.A new method is proposed for the calculation of the shed vorticity and the formation of the leakage vortex. The moment of momentum equation is used along with the conservation of mass, in order to provide the circulation of the leakage vortex.A diffusion model for the vorticity distribution is used for the calculation of the pressure deficit field, so that the total pressure losses due to the presence of the leakage vortex, are derived. Theoretical results are compared to experimental ones for compressor and turbine cascades as well as for single rotors. The agreement between theory and experiment is good.

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