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Μελέτη άρδευσης θερμοκηπιακής καλλιέργειας σε εδάφη επιβαρυμένα με αλάτωση

Pappa Polyxeni

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Summary

In this study we assess the effects of soil salinization on greenhouse crops. The study deals with the following scenarios: (a) variation of irrigation water salinity from 1 dS/m to 3 dS/m, (b) crop substitution for increased tolerance and (c) climatic variability to account for the impact of climate change. In order to draw meaningful conclusions, a model that takes into account vegetation interaction, soil, irrigation water and climate variables is required. The SALTMED model is a reliable and tested physical process model that simulates evapotranspiration, plant water uptake, water and solute transport to estimate crop yield and biomass production under all irrigation systems. SALTMED is tested with the above scenarios under the European FP7 funded Project RECARE, (case study Timpaki, Crete, Greece). Simulations are conducted for typical cultivations of Solanum lycopersicum, Capsicum annuum and Solanum melongena.The results of this study include the creation of the salinization profiles in soil and the crop yield of the cultivations of tomato, eggplant, and pepper. Results indicate that salinization is more acute when water and soil salinity have high values. It is also observed that salinization depends on the irrigation water quality and the crop and diminishes the crop yield. The cultivation of tomato had the highest crop yield decline in comparison to the rest of the examined cultivations. More specifically, according to the examined scenarios the crop yield decline of tomato can be over 67% compared with the highest possible crop yield. In addition, the cultivation of tomato has the biggest impact on the soil salinization amongst the examined cultivations. Finally, the temperature change is a factor that triggers the salinization effects.

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