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Fortress Itzedin in Chania: control of monument's static adequancy with finite elements analysis. Restoration study and recommended interventions. Proposal for monument's reuse

Kasampali Amalia

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Summary

The main subject of this thesis is the restoration study of Fortress Itzedin. It is located near the north coast of Chania, Crete, in the village Kalami, at the south entrance of Souda’s bay. It was built during the Ottoman rule in Crete, the year 1871 and it was one of the main fortification constructions of Souda’s bay. During the time of the independent Cretan State, in 1901 the fortress started being used as a prison and retained this use for many years, until 1971. That time the Greek State ceded the fortress Itzedin to the Greek Navy. The building has been continuously operated from its construction, in late 19th century, until January 2006, when it was considered by the Navy as not functional, because of the lack of maintenance, and became abandoned.The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive proposal for the building’s reuse, by investigating the structural system using a modern computational analysis method that simulates the existing monument’s state, taking under account the structural damages of the static load carrier of the building. The architectural proposal will work in conjunction with building’s needs for its static adequacy.This thesis was completed with the cooperation of the architect and fellow master student Eleni Kavallari, whose thesis is also about Fortress Itzedin, focusing more in the reuse proposal.The first part of the study includes the architectural surveying and the historical documentation of the monument, the pathology of the building and its materials and the final damage assessment. Next, the emphasis is placed on the study of the monument’s statics, by simulating it in a finite elements analysis program. In the computational model we attempt to simulate the existing materials (limestone masonry, mortars) using bibliographic data from similar studies in other monuments (of the same historical period) in Crete and Greece. Finally, proposals for the monument’s rehabilitation are being made, in a way that they will require the minimum number of structural interventions and will serve the new proposed uses, as they arise from the architectural proposal for reuse.Concerning the architectural designs, alternative proposals are made for both the building and the surrounding area. The main factors that affect our aesthetics are the wear’s signs on the monument in combination with the different uses it had over the longest period of its life. The choice of the new uses is based on the study of the building and its own needs, but also on the needs of the surrounding area, which has a big connection with the building through the history. Elements such as its position in relation to the city of Chania but also to other nearby monuments, the size of the site and the building volume, the ownership (private – public) with all the corresponding restrains, the social and cultural environment, the hierarchy and evaluation of the monument’s historical values, constitute the basic data that affect our choices.In conclusion this thesis is essentially a research proposal for the comprehensive planning of historic built environment based on the continuous collaboration of different scientific fields (civil engineering – architecture). Our goal is to present a case study methodology which will lead to better decisions and to a single planning solution in the field of restoration, rehabilitation and reuse of historical buildings.

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