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Design and HLS implementation of the AXIOM network router

Tabakakis Ioannis

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Summary

The AXIOM project (Agile, eXtensible, fast I/O Module) aims at researching new architectures for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) of the future. One of the project’s goals is to design a small and affordable board that could be used as a LEGO-style CPS node and provide flexibility, energy efficiency as well as modularity through high speed interconnection of many nodes which in turn will pave the way for a fast and reliable communication. However, since the communication layer is the backbone of any distributed system, if not carefully designed and implemented it can lead to network congestion, low throughput, high latency and generally performance degradation. In this work we present a router design and implementation that enables a seamless interconnection of multiple AXIOM boards spanning inside a high throughput and low latency network. Based on a cost-efficient network infrastructure, the router follows the paradigm of keeping resource utilization to a minimum while using the well-known and trusted router primitives. Virtual channels are implemented in order to facilitate a prioritized packet arbitration which combined with Virtual Cut-Through switching and a deterministic routing algorithm provides efficient and reliable packet forwarding. Packet flow control is implemented through the transmission of interrupt-like signals between adjacent nodes leading to lossless packet transfers. With a fully pipelined architecture and an effective streaming communication protocol the router offers a low-cost, high-speed interconnection for the network’s nodes.

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