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Μελέτη κατανομής ραδονίου σε θερμομεταλλικά και μη-ύδατα του Ελληνικού χώρου

Tsontou Argyro-Noula

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Summary

The purpose of this thesis is the processing and supervisory approach of freely accessible bibliographic data concerning the concentration of radon in thermal and non-metallic waters (springs and wells) of Greece. Radon is a tasteless, odorless, colourless, radioactive, noble gas, which when it is found to have a high concentration it poses a threat to human health. According to the World Health Organization, radon is the most important cause of lung cancer after smoking. Radon as a gas has the ability to escape from rocks, waters and soils, thus diffusing into the atmosphere and enters indoors, where it can accumulate. In Greece there are areas with high radon concentrations, which are due to the structure of the geological background. Although the authority concerning ionizing radiation in Greece is the National Atomic Energy Commission (N.A.E.C), which is the competent authority for the control, regulation and supervision of the field of nuclear energy, nuclear technology, Radiological, Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection. In Greece, systematic research was carried out to measure radon concentrations as well as other physicochemical characteristics of mineral springs and by the Greek Geological and Mining Research Authority (G.G.M.R.A, ex I.G.M.R) under a funded programme ("competitiveness" GPA, project: 7.3.2.3.). In addition to the above action for the measurement and systematic monitoring of radon concentration in waters in Greece, other relevant research was carried out mainly by universities, including the School of Mineral Resources Engineering of the Technical University of Crete. Based on the published results of these measurements as well as the results of measurements and other physicochemical properties of the spring waters published in the report from the I.G.M.R, correlations were made between physicochemical data with radon, as well as classification of springs and wells based on radon concentration according to Ministerial Decision22527/2014-Government Gazette 2997 / B / 6-11-2014[Amendment no. 16655/22-12-2006 decision of Minister of Tourism Development "process of recognition of thermal natural resources" (Government Gazette B’ 1932)]. On the basis of the limits established in the above JMD, 78% of water in the sources from the report I.G.M.R belong to the category of normal sources, i.e., non-radioactive, because they contain radon concentrations < 46.000 Bq/m3, 14% of the water from springs belong to weakly radioactive category because they contain radon concentrations ranging between 46.000-266.000 Bq/m3 , 4% of the springs belong, respectively, in the category of moderately radioactive sources because they contain radon concentrations ranging between 266.000-1.333.000 Bq/m3, and just 4% of the sources are characterized highly radioactive because the radon concentration is >1.333.000 Bq/m3. In wells, 78% appear to belong to the category of normal/non-radioactive (<46,000 Bq / m3), 15% belong to the category of weakly radioactive (46,000-266,000 Bq/m3), 7% to the category of moderately radioactive (266,000-1.333,000 Bq/m3) while no concentrations were measured in wells that may be characterized as highly radioactive. For all the samples studied in this thesis, 68% belong to the category of normal/non-radioactive (<46.000 Bq/m3), 20% to the category of weakly radioactive (46.000-266.000 Bq/m3), 6% to the category of moderately radioactive (266.000-1.333.000 Bq/m3) and 6% to the category of highly radioactive (>1.333.000 Bq/m3). The highest concentrations of radon in water have been measured at the springs of Apollo and Asclepius of Ikaria, while a weak radioactive source (Agios Antonios, in the wider region of Sougia) has been recorded in Crete.

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