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Social housing in Europe and Greece in the 20th century

Kalogridis Dimitrios

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Summary

This paper deals with the issue of social housing in the 20th century in Europe and Greece. It begins by tracing the origins of the issue of social housing from 17th century Europe and later Industrial Revolution Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The work focuses on 20th century Europe, where very remarkable social housing complexes were designed and implemented on a large scale. The Karl Marx Hof in Vienna, the Hufeisensiedlung in Berlin, the Weißenhofsiedlung in Stuttgart are some of the most important examples of social housing from the modern movement of the 1920s in Central Europe. Soviet architects are also pioneers and social housing is the most important issue they face. In this paper, the Narkomfin group of Moise Ginsburg and Ignatus Milinis is presented, a group designed to be the so-called "social capacitor" according to the constructivists. Wells Coates' innovative group ISOKON is analyzed from the British scene. From the post-war period of modernism, Le Corbusier's Unite d'Habitation in Marseille is examined. Finally, from the period of the critique on the modern movement, the late 1960s and 1970s, the Gallaratese complex in Milan, by Aymonino and Rossi, and Alvaro Siza's Bouca Social Housing in Porto are examined. In Greece, the refugee’s houses of L. Alexandras by D. Kyriakou and K. Laskaris, the "Asyrmatos" Apartment Building on Filopappou Hill by E. Vasilikiotis, the Worker's Residences by A. Konstantinidis in N. Philadelphia, the Settlement in Distomo by Atelier 66 and the " White houses of Boeotia" of Doxiadis Office. Finally, a comparative analysis of the examples presented from the European and Greek areas is presented.

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