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Application of multi-criteria decision analysis evaluating the ESG indicators of countries

Kritharakis Polyneikis

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Summary

This undergraduate thesis explores the evaluation of states' ESG performance through the application of the PROMETHEE II multicriteria decision analysis method. ESG criteria—Environmental, Social, and Governance—have emerged as key indicators of sustainable development and responsible governance, making their comprehensive and reliable assessment at the state level increasingly essential. The study will be carried out following a thorough examination of the theoretical framework and historical evolution of ESG indicators, their relevance in shaping public policy, and the methodological foundations of Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Particular emphasis is placed on the PROMETHEE II method, which is selected for its ability to process complex and often conflicting criteria, thereby enabling a coherent and objective ranking of alternatives. The primary aim of the research is to comparatively evaluate the ESG performance of 44 OECD countries—comprising 38 members and 6 partner countries—for the period 2015–2021, using 28 selected ESG indicators. The adopted method offers a distinct advantage: it enables the integration of both quantitative and qualitative data within a unified evaluation framework. This study contributes to broadening the methodological approach to ESG assessment beyond the corporate sphere, enhancing the understanding of sustainability-related policies at the na tional level. The findings may serve as a valuable tool for policymakers, institutions, and inves tors seeking to incorporate ESG considerations into their strategic decision-making processes.

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