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Rational design and development of nanostructured non-precious metal oxide catalysts for energy and environmental applications

Stefa Sofia

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Summary

The rational design and development of highly-active and cost-efficient catalysts for energy and environmental applications constitutes the main research pillar in the area of heterogeneous catalysis. In this perspective, the present thesis aims at the development of noble metal-free nanostructured ceria-based transition metal catalysts with innovative composition and architecture (ΜxCe1-xOδ, M: Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), which are characterized by low cost and optimal activity/stability. More specifically, the surface chemistry of the as-prepared catalysts and their catalytic activity was attempted to be fine-tuned through the advanced synthetic methods, the surface and/or structural promotion and the modification of metal-support interactions using promoting/reducing agents.The present thesis has unequivocally highlighted the important role of the preparation method and surface modification on the physicochemical properties, metal-support interactions and in turn, on the catalytic performance of as-prepared catalysts. More importantly, the fine-tuning of size, shape and electronic state can notably affect not only the reactivity of metal sites but also the interfacial activity offering a synergistic contribution towards the development of highly active composites. Through the proposed optimization approach extremely active and cost-efficient catalytic materials were obtained for CO oxidation, CO2 hydrogenation and the photocatalytic degradation of gases and liquids pollutants, being among the most active reported so far in open literature.

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